{"id":24633,"date":"2023-06-05T21:03:39","date_gmt":"2023-06-05T19:03:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/?p=24633"},"modified":"2023-09-05T15:49:22","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T13:49:22","slug":"short-form-of-the-verb-to-be-in-georgian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/short-form-of-the-verb-to-be-in-georgian\/","title":{"rendered":"Short form of the verb „to be” in Georgian"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Do you know that the Georgian verb \u201cto be\u201d can have also short form? Maybe you have seen a mysterious -a added in the end of a word? Read this post and learn how to use the short form of the verb to be!<\/p>

The verb \u201cto be\u201d in Georgian<\/a> does not focus only about the conjugation and knowing the pronouns. The word \u201cis\u201d, so the 3rd person singular in present tense offers you also an useful surprise. One can shorten it to just one letter and it still works as a full verb.<\/p>

Maybe as many foreigners at beginning you will not be convinced that it\u2019s a helpful option. As for now just trust me a bit with it and keep in mind that many Georgians use it on daily basis. Especially in spoken Georgian.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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How does this short form of a verb to be look like?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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As you already know we are talking here only about the 3rd<\/sup> person singular, only in present tense. So the full form looks like this:<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Which means he\/she\/ it is<\/p>\n

Sometimes instead of using the whole word \u201c\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u201d, one just uses -\u10d0. Please remember that no other verb behaves like this. The short form is only for the word \u201c\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u201d.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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How to use the short form of \"is\" in Georgian?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Instead of adding separate word \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 one adds one, small but mighty letter -\u10d0, so the short form of the verb to be. That\u2019s the theory but how does it look in practice?<\/p>

Look at this simple sentence:<\/p>

\u10d4\u10e1<\/strong> \u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong>.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>

The same Georgian sentence, but with short ofrm of \u00a0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 looks as follows:<\/p>

\u10d4\u10e1 <\/strong>\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>

It does not matter if the word to which you attach the letter -\u10d0 ends with \u10d8 or any other vowel. It will look the same.<\/p>

There is a difference however, if the word ends with consonant. In that case you add double \u10d0.<\/p>

For example instead of saying<\/p>

\u10d4\u10e1 <\/strong>\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (this is)<\/p>

one may say<\/p>

\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d0<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>

This rule is used not only in case of words in Nominative case, but all ended with consonant. Therefore you have to remember to add to be ending also when the word is declined in Georgian cases<\/a> or has postpositions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"georgian\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Which rules to follow when using short form of Georgian verb to be?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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As you may see, the usage of this form is not really complex and mastering it may be quite easy. However, especially at the beggining it\u2019s beneficial to follow few simple rules.<\/p>\n

Firstly, keep in mind that each sentence should have minimum one verb. Maybe it sounds obvious. Nevertheless, because one shortens the verb to a single letter, especially at the beginning it\u2019s common to forget even to add it at all.<\/p>\n

Secondly, when reading the sentence in Georgian you cannot find any verb, try looking at the end of each word. Maybe there you will find it in the short form of Georgian letter -\u10d0.<\/p>\n

Thirdly, this short form usually is attached to the main word in the sentence. Therefore you may remember to add it to the word you want to underline in your sentence. Compare the below 3 sentences to find slight differnces in meaning:<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10e1 \u2013 this<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u2013 a car<\/p>\n

\u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u2013 my<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0.<\/p>\n

As you may have noticed the word \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 can be attached to different words and each time the meaning of the sentence changes a bit. If you do not feel the difference try to translate it literary, word after word.<\/p>\n

The last remark is that please remember not each letter \u10d0 added to the word means \u201cis\u201d, especially if there is a verb already in the sentence. The example is a phrase: \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0? About which we\u2019ll tell you in other post.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Recommended articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"verb\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"how\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do you know that the Georgian verb \u201cto be\u201d can have also short form? Maybe you have seen a mysterious -a added in the end of a word? Read this post and learn how to use the short form of the verb to be! The verb \u201cto be\u201d in Georgian does not focus only about […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24639,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[765],"tags":[816,807],"class_list":["post-24633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-georgian","tag-georgian-a1","tag-georgian-verbs"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24633"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24633\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24639"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jezykikaukazu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}